Means for reproducing sound and motion in synchronism



y 1929. F.YVO N MADALER 7 1,713,503

MEANS FOR REPRODUClENG SOUND AND MOTION IN SYNCHRONISM Original FiledJune l.' 923 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 51m uem coz M y 1929- F. VON MADALER MEANSFOR REPRODUCING SOUND AND MOTION IN SYNCHRONISM Original Filed J1me 19235 Sheets-Sheet 2 he gf I May 14, 1929. VON MADALER 1,713,503

MEANS FOR REPRODUGING SOUND AND MOTION IN SYNCHRONISM Original Filed Jun1, 1 23 5 Sheets-$heet 5 fifli.

GHIOlHcld y 1929- F. VON MADALER 1,713,503

MEANS FOR REPRODUCING SOUND AND MOTION IN SYNOHRONISM Original FiledJune 1, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 1: 752/(71m7 dIm/VMZII;

A TTORNEYS.

y 1929- F. VON MADALER 1,713,503

MEANS FOR REPRODUCING SOUND AND MOTION IN SYNCHRONISM Original FiledJune 1, 1923 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 A TTIORNEYS.

Patented May 14, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FERDINAND VON MADALER, F HAMPTON I BAYS, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO VISION-TONE CORPORATION, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEVADA.

MEANS FOR REPRODUCING SOUND AND MOTION IN SYNCHBONISM.

Application filed June 1, 1923, Serial No. 642,767. Renewed September28, 1928.

The present invention relates to an apparatus for simultaneouslyreproducing picture and sound records, thereby producing what arecommonly termed talking pictures, the object of the invention being toprovide a device of this character that employs in conjunction therewitha. moving picture film that l is also the carrier of the sound waves.

Many attempts have been made to secure with the reproduction of movingpictures, the reproduction of sounds co-related therewith. Almost all ofthese attempts have been made by operating the moving picture film inconjunction with the ordinary phonograph. The difliculty of employing amachine of this nature to produce a sound co-related with the film, isthat the phonograph must of necessity, be practically a separate machinefrom the projector whereby the pictures are thrown upon the screen andthat with the phonograph it is practically impossible to secure a soundrecord whichshall be conterminous with the film. As is well known, thesound record that is to-day universally employed will run gen- 5 erallyno longer than five or ten minutes, whereas it may take from fifteenminutes-to half hour to project a single film. Further than this, it isalmost an impossibility to run the phonograph in synchronism with thefilm,

and naturally, this is a very vital necessity for the properco-relati'on of the sound record with the picture. Again, should thefilm run of! or break, the phonograph must be stop ed, and it is almostimpossible to again adjust the filmin proper synchronism with the soundrecord. An operative connection between the sound reproducing.mechanism'and the moving picture projecting mechanism will not secure acomplete correspond- 4 ence and co-relation therebetween, for the reasonthat the film is liable to slip and tighten or loosen upon the reels andit would be unusually diflicult to so adjust the sound record as tocorrespond accurately with the motion 4 of the pictures. It is, ofcourse, absolutely necessary to secure an accurate correspondence of thesound with the event with which the sound is co-related, otherwise theeffect would be spoiled entirely.

I have completely overcome the above obj ections by providing incombination with my machine a picture strip that has directly engravedthereon the sound record, so that the pictures and the correspondingsounds will at all times be in fixed relation to each other, takensimultaneously, reproduced simultaneously, and with no possible chanceof the sound record having its relation with the picture record in anyway changed.

? Further, this film of which I have spoken .carries two separatepicture series, the pictures of each series being alternately arrangedupon the picture squares of the film, the picture sguares of one seriesbeginning at one end 0 the film, while the picture squares of the otherseries begin at the op osite end of the film, theopposite sides 0 thefilm bearing the soimd waves of each picture semes.

An outstanding object of this invention is the rovisionof a sound andmotion reproducing machine that includes a film carrier that may bereversely arranged in themachine for permitting of the projection ofeither desired picture series as well as the reproduction of the soundsincident thereto.

An important ob'ect of the invention is the provision of sue a machinewherein the picture projectingmechanism thereof is entirely devoid ofany complicated shutter mechanism and one that may employ as a source ofillumination an ordinary stereopticon bulb that throws ofi comparativelylittle heat which will preclude the liability of the film from catchingfire, a fact which is always pregnant in moving picture machines nowuniversally employed due to the high degree of heat thrown off by theusual carbon 1i hts.

A still further and important object of this invention is to provide asound and motion reproducing machine that embodies a small compactstructure that may be readily transported from place to place by asingle person, the machine being comparatively simple. of constructionand one that may be manufactured and marketed at such a cost as toenable the same to be used in homes as is'now the case with ordinaryphonographs.

The invention will be best understood from -a consideration of thefollowing detailed description, taken in connection with theaccompanying drawings, forming a part of the specification witht eunderstanding that the invention is not confined to any strictconformity with the showing of the drawings, but may be changed andmodified as long as such changes and modifications mark no materialdeparture from the salient features of the invention as expressed in theappend ed claims.

In the drawings Figure 1-is a front elevation of my iniproved machine. V

Figure 2is a top plan view thereof.

Figure 3is an enlarged detail vertical cross-section of the mechanismconstituting the machine removed from its casing, the source ofillumination being also removed.

. Figure 4.is an enlarged view similar to Figure 2, the cover plate, thefilm carrier and source of illumination being removed.

Figure 5is a: fragmentary detail crosssection through a certain portionof the machine.

Figure 6is a cross section taken substantially upon the line 66 ofFigure 5, and looklng downwardly in the direction of the arrows.

' Figure 7is a bottom perspective of a certain element included in themachine.

F igure 8is a top plan view of certain corelated elements embodied inthis device.

Figure 9-is a-rear elevation of a rectilinearly movable carriagemechanism that includes a plate member that is formed with an opening,this plate adapted to move across the light opening of the machinesimultaneously with the movement of the film and then jump backto-position forwardly of the next picture square of that particularseries thereby permitting the projection of but one picture series, thiscarriage including a light reflecting mirror as well as a pair of lightprojecting lenses, this view also showing in dotted lines what Ihereinafter term a prism that projects the light rays downwardly to themirror and thence through the lenses.

Figure lO-is a. plan view, partly in crosssection of the film box.

Figure 11'is a front elevation thereof. Figure 12is a perspective of anadjusting lever, whereby the sound box of the sound recording apparatusmay be controlled so as to properly engage the stylus thereof into thesound groove of the moving picture film.

Figure 13is a plan view of the picture and sound record employed inconjunction with the present invention.

Figure 14-is a detail transverse crosssection thereof, and

Figure 15-is. a perspective of the before mentioned prism.

First, having reference to Figures 1 and 2, my device embodies theprovision of a suitable casing 5 of any deslrable material and designwithin which is detachably disposed the major portion of the mechanismconstituting my nvention. If desirable, this casing 5 may be equippedwith a suitable form of lid, the same, however, being not at allmaterial, and therefore not shown. With particular reference to thepicture projecting mechanism, the same includes an open base plate 6 ofsuitable material from which is suspended an electric motor 7, thearmature shaft of which is equip ed with a speed governor 8 as well as abral e plate 9 that cooperates With a speed regulating mechanism des-'ignated generally 10, the same being of conventional design andtherefore not specifically described. Y

The end of the armature shaft of said motor is equipped with a'worm 11which is intermeshed with a complementary gear upon the end of avertical shaft 12 that is suitably journaled through the said base plate6 as well as an under structure 13. This shaft 12 is substantiallyintermediate the front and rear ends of the base plate 6 and adjacentone side thereof, the same being equipped with a fly wheel 14 as well asa belt pulley 15.

Rearwardly of this shaft 12 and substantially intermediate the sides ofsaid base plate 6 is a vertical shaft 16, the lower end of which isequipped with a belt pulley 17 of I less circumference than that of thepulley 15 upon the shaft 12. The pulleys 15 and 17 are in substantialalinement with each other, and are operatively connected by a relativelyloose spiral spring belt 18, which will permit of a slippage of theshaft 16 with respect to the shaft 12 for purposes presently to be setforth.

Super-posed upon the base plate 6 and maintained in position thereon inany manner desirable is a substantially rectangular shaped frame thatembodies a front wall 19, rear wall 20, side walls 21 and 22,respectively, and a cover plate 23. It being noticed from aconsideration of Figure 3 that the side wall 22 of the frame is oflesser height than the other walls for purposes to be presently setforth. The front and rear walls 19 and 20 of this frame are providedupon their inner sides with guide flanges that are in alinement with theupper edge of the side wall 22, these guide flanges adapted forsupporting the opposite ends of the film box shown in Figures 10 and 11when the same is positioned within the frame, it being understood inthis connection that while inserting the film carrier within the frameor removing the same therefrom, it is necessary that the said coverplate 23 be removed. As a means for assisting the guiding of the filmcarrier into the frame, the said side wall 22 of the frame is providedadjacent its opposite ends with outwardly extending rest plates 24 thatare in alinement with the said guide flanges of the frame and areadapted for receiving the front end of the film carrier preliminary tothe insertion of the same within theframe.

The front and rear walls 19 and 20 of this frame are provided with a rowof spaced and circular shaped openings as more clearly shown in Figure1, these openings being provided for considerablyrlessening the weightof the machine as well as for providing heat outlets, the opening 34 inthe front wall 19 adjacent the sidewall 21 of the frame being forthepurpose of permitting the projection of the light rays from the sourceof illumination that have passed through the picture.

The side wall 21 of the said frame is provided adjacent the front wall19 with a relatively elongated light opening 26 and slidably disposedupon a pair of guide bars 27 that are suitably anchored upon the saidbase plate 6 and directly rearwardly of the light opening 26 in the saidside wall 21 of the frame is what I hereinafter term a carriage 28. Thiscarriage comprises as more clearly shown in Figure 9, a verticallydirected plate 29 that is formed at its upper end with an opening 30 ofsubstantial square shape, this opening being in direct alinement withthe said light opening 26 of the side wall 21 of the frame. Surroundingthis opening 30 and secured in any mann'er desirable to the said plate29 is an inwardlyextending light hood 31, that has its inner end formedwith upper and lower fingers 32 between which is slidable the filmdesignated in Figure 3, The walls of this hood converge inwardly and theinner end of the same isofdimensions substantially equivalent to thedimensions of the picture square of the picture fihn. The said carriagedesignated generally 28 also comprises a pair-of spaced lenses 34,Figure 9,

that are disposed beneath the said opening 30 in the plate 29 at oneside thereof. Directly beneath the lightopening 30 of the plate 29 is aninclined mirror 35, which is in direct longitudinal alinement with thesaid lenses 34. 7

Immediately rearwardly of the said carriage 28-is a prism 36 of a lengthsubstantially equivalent or slightly greater than the light opening'26in the wall 21 of the frame, whereby as the light projects through thesaid opening through a source of illumination to be hereinafterdescribed and after the same has passed through the film 33 the samewill be projected downwardly onto the mirror and thence through thelenses 34 out through the said opening 25 of the wall 19 of the frameonto a suitable screen.

'Now, having particular reference to the combined picture and sound film33 as per Figures 13 and 14, the same isof the usual celluloid materialhaving a gelatin coating upon one side thereof. In the present instance,this film includes two different picture series, the picture squares ofone series occupying each alternate picture square of I the film,;wl1ilethe pictures of the other series occupy the remaining alternatesquares'of the film. One of these picture series is denoted generally34, while the other. picture series is denoted generally 35' and formore accurately disclosing the exact nature of this film, the squares ofthe picture series 344 is marked with the numerals 1 to 7, while thepicture squares of the other series is marked with the letters a to g.The picture series 34 begins at one end of the film, while the picturesquares of the remaining series begin at the opposite end of the filmand as clearly shown in Figure 13, the picture squares of each seriesare arranged in up-side-down relation to each other.. Upon the uncoatedside of the film and adjacent one of the edges thereof is a sound groove36, the sound waves of which are representative of the picture series34'. It is to be understood that-these sound waves are recordedsimultaneously with the taking of the said picture series 34 for therebyproviding an absolute synchronization therebetween. Upon the oppositeedge of said film 33 is a similar sound groove 37, the waves of whichare representative of the picture series 35, these waves being alsorecorded simultaneously with the takin of the picture series 35. Thecenter of the fiIm 33 is formed with elongated openings 38 that arearranged between each alternate pair of picture squares, the sameadapted. for receiving the pins of a film drive element hereinafter tobe described.

In Figures 10 and 11, there is shown a particular type of film box thatis to be used in vconjunction with my machine, this box designated 39being of flat rectangular shape and embodying a top wall 40, bottom wall41 and integral front, rear and side walls 42, 43'and 44, respectively.The top'wall 40 is removable for obvious purposes and loosely journaledbetween the top and bottom walls and spaced from each other are a pairof film rollers 45. These rollers are each keyed upon shafts 4646, theends of the shafts projecting through the said top and bottom wallsofthe film box 39. The opposite ends of said shafts are equipped withcross plates 47 and rollers 48, respectively. The cross plate and rollerof one shaft being arranged at the opposite side of the film box 39 withrespect Ill) to the cross plate and roller of the other shaft.

Adjacent the front wall 42 of the box 39 and substantially intermediatethe end walls thereof is a roller 49 that is equipped with projectingpins 50 that engage through the openings 38 of the film 33, when thesame is properly positioned within the-box. This roller is also upon ashaft 51, the opposite ends of which project outwardly through the boxand are equipped with cross plates 52. In actual practice, one end ofthe film 33 is secured in the usual manner to one of the rollers 45,this film being extended forwardly within the box and over a cornerroller 53, and thence positioned over the said roller 49 and maintainedin tight engagement there- .1

of the roller 49; The film box also carries a further roller adjacentthe opposite front corner thereof, and over which the film is trained,the-same being then directed rearwardly and secured to the remainingroller 45.

This film box 39 is equipped with a handle 56 and is adapted tobeslidably'positioned within the frame that is made up of the walls 19,20, 21 and 22, the position of this box within the frame being moreclearly shown in Figure 3. The top wall 40 of the box is provided at itsfront side and adjacent one side of the film roller 49 with a lightopening 57, while the bottom wall 41 of the box is provided adjacent theopposite side of the roller 49 with a similar light opening 58,'thcfront wall 42 of the box being provided forwardly of each light opening57 and 58 with openings 57 and 58, respectively. These openings areadapted, at different positions of the box within the frame, to alinewith the light opening 26 in the wall 21 of the frame for obviouspurposes.

Splined upon the upper ends of the before mentioned shafts 12 and 16 arewheels 59 and 60, respectively. Each of these wheels being provided witha vertically projecting annular row of spaced pins 59 and 60, re-

-- spectively. Each of these wheels is circumferentially grooved as moreclearly shown in Figure 5 and in engagement with the groove of the wheel59 are inwardly directed pins that are carried by the yoked end of alever 61, this lever being pivoted at 62 to a standard 63 that iscarried by or formed integrally with the base plate 6. The opposite endof this lever 61 is formed with a pendent leg 64 for purposeshereinafter described, and as a means for normally holding the saidwheel 59 in a position. downwardly upon its shaft as shown in Figure 5,there is provided a coiled spring 65 secured at one end to the lever andat its opposite end to the base plate 6. i I

Similar engaged with the groove in the wheel 60 are inwardly directedpins upon the yoked end of a lever 66, this lever being also similarlypivotally'secured to a post 1 67 and formed at its inner end with apendthat when this fiat like lever 74 is in a downwardly swung positionas per Figure 4, the wheels 59 and 60 upon the shafts l2 and 16,respectively, will be in a position downwardly thereon due to theinfluence of the springs. It is to be understood that a spring, similarin all respects to the spring 65 is secured between the base plate 6 andthe lever 66. When these wheels are in their downward position and thecover 23 of the before described frame is removed, the film box 39 maybe slid Within the frame, and after the same has been positionedtherein, the cover 23 is. applied, and the lever 74 swung upwardly tothe position of Figure 3. This movement of the lever so effects the arm7 0 and rod 71 as toraiSe the wheels 59 and 60 upon their respectiveshafts and consequently position the vertically directed pins 59 and 60in engagement with the adjacent plate 52 of the shaft 51 of the filmroller 50- and the'plate 47 vof the adjacent shaft 46 of, the respectiveroller 45 whereby when the motor 7 is started, the rotation of thesewheels 59 and 60 will cause a consequent unwinding of the film from oneroller 45 to the opposite roller 45. f As a means for maintaining thislever-74 in the position shown in Figure 3, the frame cover '23 isprovided'with 'a lip 76 that is adapted to be engaged by a dog 77carried by a lever 78 pivoted at 79 adjacent the upper end of the flatlike lever 74. x

Again, having reference to the prism 36, and as more clearly shown inFigure 15, the same is disposed or formed integral with the forwardupwardly projectin ends 80 of a pair of rearwardly directed at like bars81. The opposite ends of these bars are secured to a cross rod 82 thatis disposed for rocking movement in a pair of spaced standards 83 formedvertically upon the said base plate-6. As more clearly shown in Figure3,

the inner end of this rod 82 is formed with a pendent leg 84 that is incontact with a laterally directed pin 85-upon the said sliding rod 71.whereby after the film'box 39 has ent leg 68. In this instance, thispendent/36 upwardly into the respective opening of leg 68 is equippedwith a pair of projecting pins 69 between which engage one end of an arm70 that extends laterally and is secured either the top or bottom wallor 4101 the said film box. f

Secured to a post 86 that is upon the base plate 6 at a point adjacentthe front wall 19 of the film box frame is a fiat like curved spring 87that is so positioned as to engage the adjacent roller 48 of itsrespective film roller shaft 46 when the box is slid forwardly withinthe frame, this spring thereby effecting a brake for the said respectivefilm roller shaft, for preventing thefree'unwinding of the film from itsrespective roller. This spring further functions as a means forprojecting the film box 39 a slight disnuance tance outwardly of theframe when the lever 74 has been swung downwardly.

The carriage 28 has rectilinear movement upon the bars 27, and it mightbe well to herein note that during the projection of one picture seriesof the film 33, the carriage moves in a certain horizontal zone topermit the projection of but one picture series, while during theprojection of the other picture series, the said carriage moves in adiflerent horizontal zone. This is necessary for the proper projectionof the pictures and as this carriage moves in a direction similar to thedirection of movement of the film, the opening 30 of the plate 29 of thecarriage will be in position forwardly of one of the picture squares ofthat particular series for permitting the light raysto project throughthat particular square. After the carriage has moved a certain distancein a direction similar to the direction of movement of the picture film,the same is released, and then snapped forwardly, whereby the opening ofthe said plate is positioned forwardly of the next picture square ofthat particular series, whereby the light passes therethrough andprojects the picture, and so on until all of the picture squares of thatparticular series have been projected. It is therefore absolutelynecessary that the said carriage move in different horizontal zonesduring the projection of the different picture series upon the film, andthe mechanism for controlling the rectilinear movement of the carriage,is as follows thereto in any manner desirable and surrounding the shaft12 is a circular strip of metal 88 that is formed with a cutout portionas more clearly shown in Figure 6. The underside of this metallic stripis mortised at its inner edge for receiving the flange 89 of a disk 90that has free rotary movement in opposite directions around the shaft12. This disk is formed with a central vertically projecting sleeve 91that surrounds said shaft 12, and has loosely positioned thereon ahalfmoon shaped plate 92. Pivotally secured to this plate 92 as at 93 isasomewhat arcuateshaped lever 94. a portion of which is maintained innormally close contact with thesaid sleeve 91 of the disk 90, throughthe medium of a band spring 95. The inner side of this lever 94 isformed with a hook shaped cut out 96, that is adapted to receivesuccessively,

pendent spaced pins 97, of a collar 98, kc ed to the shaft 12 beneaththe before descri ed splined member 59, as the shaft 12 is being rotatedunder the influence of the motor 7.

Connected at one end to the half-moon shaped plate 92 and at itsopposite end to the said.

28 in the position of Figure 4, there is provided a band spring 100secured at one end to the before mentioned post that carries the spring87 and that engages at its opposite end a convenient point of thecarriage. The disk 90 is formed with a laterally extending arm 101, towhich is pivotally secured one end of a connecting rod 102, the oppositeend of this red being pivotally secured to one arm of a bell crank 103.This bell crank .is suitably pivotally secured to the base plate 6, andis provided upon its opposite arm with an upwardly extending actuatingknob 104 that is slidable within an arcuate slot 105 in the beforementioned plate member 75. From a consideration of Figure 6, it will beat once apparent that the arm 101 of the disk 90 has movement betweenthe opposite ends of the metallic strip 88.

It is preferable that the o posite ends of this arcuate slot 105 bemarked with the characters 1 and 2, as per Figure 2, and that theopposite sides of the film box 39 be also similarly marked whereby thesai knob may be thrown to different positions or permitting the carriageto move in different horizontal zones during the projection of thedifferent picture series upon the film strip 33. For permitting themarking on the film box 39 to be viewed, the cover plate 23 of thebefore'described frame is formed with a central opening 23', Figure 2.

For effecting the movement of the halfmoon shaped plate 92 in onedirection when the disk 90 is moved in a. similar direction, Dispose-dupon the base plate 6 and secured there is provided a curved spring 106that is secured at one end to a post 107 upon the said disk 90, theopposite end of this spring contacting with the adjacent end of the saiplate 92. This spring 106 also serves as a flexible stop for the plate92 as the same is rotated in a reverse direction, under the influence ofthe carriage controlled spring 100. Assuming that the film box 39 hasbeen positioned in its frame in such a manner as to project one of thepicture series, this pictu re series being indicated on the film box 2,

Figure 2. It is therefore necessary that the before mentioned knob 104be swung to the position in-this figure, which will rotate the disk 90around the shaft 12 to' the position of Figure 6 for consequentlysliding the carriage 28 slightly rearwardly upon the bars 27 forpermitting the same ,to move in opposite directions in a certainhorizontal zone for permitting of the projection only of the Pi?- turesquares of that particular picture series. After the film box has beenositioned and the lid 23 of the frame applie and the lever 74 swungupwardly as or Figures 1 and 2, the pins 59' of the whee s 59 and thepins 69' of the wheel 60 will engage the plates 52 and 46 of therespective roller shafts 51 and 46. .Upon the starting of the motor 7,which is of course, in circuit with a suitable source of supply, thiscircuit adapted to be closed by a lever 108 of a desirable form ofswitch, the

the said roller 45 for obvious purposes. Upon the positioning of thefilm box 39, the opening of the plate 29 will be directly forwardly ofthe first picture square of the particular picture series to beprojected, and naturally as the shaft 12 rotates, a certain one of thepins 97 will engage the edge of the notch 96 in the arcuate shaped lever94, and cause a rotation of the half-moon shaped plate 92. A movement ofthis plate 92 will occasion a movement of the carriage 28 in thedirection of movement of the film and after this carriage has been moveda certain distance inwardly, this a'rcuate lever 94 will engage avertically projecting pin 109 upon the disk 90 for releasing the saidlever from the pin,

which will thereby permit the carriage to snap forwardly under theinfluence of the spring 100 until the notch of the lever 94 receivesanother pin, it being understood that the reverse movement of thecarriage is of a distance equivalent to the distance apart of thepicture squares of the respective picture series upon the film 33.

After one picture series has been projected, the motor is stopped andthe -film box reversely positioned within the frame, after which theknob 104 is moved to an opposite position withinthe arcuate slot 105 forthereby permitting the movement of the carriage 28 in a differenthorizontal zone, whereby the plate 29 of this carriage will accompanythe movement of the respective picture squares of that picture seriesacross the light opening 26 in the side wall 21 of the frame.

Directly forwardly of the film roller 49, the front wall 42 of the filmbox 39 is provided with-an opening 109, into which extends the stylus110 of a sound box 111. As more clearly shown in Figure 10, this stylushas close contact with the sound groove upon the film 33 that is at theupper edge of the film during the projection of that particular pictureseries, it being noted that this stylus is at a substantial angle to thelongitudinal axis of the film, for obvious purposes. This stylus 110 ismaintained in engagement with the sound groove of the film through themedium of a spring 110.

The sound box 111 is carried upon the upper end of a hollow tone arm112, that is loose- 1y positioned within a sleeve 113 that is rewithinthe lower end of said sleeve 113. In

position beneath the lower end of this rod 115 is a wedge-shaped plate117 that is formed upon one end of one arm. 118 of a bell crank 119,Figure 12. This bell crank is pivotally secured beneath the sleeve 113,and its other arm 120 extends beneath the base plate for a portion ofits length, and is then bent upwardly and outwardly to provide an extension 121 that projects up through the base plate 6, and engages throughan opening in the wall 22 of the film box frame, this end being providedwith apoint 122 and an operating knob 123. The open shaped frame pla to75 is provided wit-h graduations 124 that are adjacent said pointer 122,and it will be at once apparent that by swinging the bell crank upon itspivot, the wedge-shaped plate 117 will be moved inwardly and outwardlybe-- neath the lower end of the rod 115, whereby the stylus 110 of thesound box 111 may be properly 1 guided into the respective sound grooveof the picture strip 33 as the proper series is being projected. Asshown by the dotted lines in Figure 1, the tone arm 112 may be,and'preferably is, in communication with a tone arm extension 125 thathas its opposite end positioned within an opening 126 in the front wallof the casing 5, this opening adapted to in turn receive a phonographichorn of desirable form and size. 7

Detachably secured to one side of the easing 5 is a laterally projectingsupporting arm 127 that carries at its outer end a lamp bulb socket 128and positioned within this socket is preferably a stereopticon bulb 129that is disposed within a sectional metallic globe 130, this globe beingprovided internally with a reflector 131 immediately behind the saidbulb 129. The inner side of the globe 130 is provided with a lightopening in communication with which is a hood 132 that carries a pair ofcondensing lenses 133. The front end'of this hood surrounds the lightopening 26 in the wall 21 of the film box frame as per Figure 4, andserves as a means for directing the light rays from the bulb to thepicture strip. The bulb 129 has electrical connection with any suitablesource of elec tric supply.

From the above described construction, applicantprovides a reciprocatingprojecting or light rectifying means adapted for reciproeating movementin the path of projection of a beam of light, across which is movable asaid movable strip, in succession, onto a suitable screen, for producinga moving picture. Simultaneously with the intermittent projection of apredetermined series of pictures from said strip, a suitable soundreproducing means, as above described synchronously reproduces soundrecorded on said continuously movable strip, incident to the picturesbeing projected therefrom. Thls construction forms an important featureof the machine, in order that the projection of pictures andreproduction of sound can be accurately and synchronously reproduced.

Another important feature of the invention resides in the reversiblefilm carrier or box which is reversible in the projecting machine, sothat a film having a series of pictures arranged in alternate relationand starting from opposite ends of the film may be projected by themachine, the film having a movement through the machine, during theprojection of the pictures and the sound 1ncident thereto, of eachseries in the same d rection, it being necessary to reverse the pos1-tion of the film box, for the projection of each picture series.

In View of the above description, it will at once be apparent to thoseskilled in the'art that I have provided a device for projecting picturesand reproducing sound in synchronism, and although I have herein setforth this mechanism as comprising certain structural elements, it isnevertheless to be understood that in the future practice of the device,departures may be had therefrom without affecting the spirit and scopeof the appended claims.

' Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters-Patent, is:

1. A machine for intermittently projecting a selected picture series andsound incident thereto from afilm having a pair of picture series and anindependent sound record for each series, comprising means forcontinuously and uniformly feeding the picture I strip through themachine, reciprocating means for selecting one of said picture-seriesoperated by the first mentioned means, optical projecting. andrectifying means for the selected picture series, and means forreproducing the sound for said selected picture series in synchronismwith the projection of the pictures.

2. A machine for intermittently projecting a selected picture series,and sound incident thereto from a film having a pair of picture seriesarranged in alternate relation and a sound record extending throughoutthe length of the film for each picture series, comprising means forcontinuously and uniformly feeding the picture strip through themachine,reciprocating means for selecting one of said picture series,optical projecting and rectifying means for the selected picture series,and means for reproducing the sound incident to the selected pictureseries in synchronism therewith.

3. A machine for intermittently projecting a selected picture series andsound incident thereto from afihn having a pair of picture series inwhich the pictures are arranged in alternate relation, and wherein thefilm strip is provided with an independent sound ree- 0rd for eachpicture series, said sound record for each picture having a lengthsubstantially greaterthan the length of the picture, comprising meansfor continuously and uniformly feeding the picture strip through themachine, movable means operable to select one of said picture series tobe projected, means for projecting the selected seriesof pictures, andmeans for reproducing the sound incident to said selected picture seriesin synchronism with the projection of the pictures.

at. A machine for intermittently project mg a series of pictures andsound incident thereto from a film having a sound record groove formedtherein containing the sound record incident to a picture series,comprising means for continuously and uniformly feeding the picture filmthrough the machine, means movable with the film in a predeterminedmanner for successively selecting the pictures of the series forprojection, optical projecting and rectifying means for projecting theselected pictures of said series, and means adapted for operation in thesound record groove of the'film having a predetermined position withrespect to the picture selecting means, and operable for reproducing thesound record in synchronism with the pictures.

5. A machine for intermittently projecting a series of pictures andsound incident thereto from a film having a series of pictures thereonand a sound record groove formed therein, containing the sound recordincident to said series of pictures, comprising means for continuouslyand uniformly feeding the picture strip through the machine, movablemeans for selecting the pictures to be projected having a predeterminedmovement with'respect to the continuously and uniformly moving filmstrip, optical projecting andrectifying means for the selected pictures,and mechanically operated means mounted in predetermined relation to thepicture selecting means and engaging in the sound groove of said picturestrip for re producing the sound recorded in said groove in synchronismwith the picture.

6. A machine for intermittently projecting a selected picture series andsound inci-' dent thereto from a film having aplurality of pictureseries and independent sound records for each series, comprising meansfor continuously and uniformly feeding the picture strip thru themachine, movable picture selecting means operable in a predeterminedrelation and zone relative to the continuously and uniformly moving filmstrip for selecting a series of pictures to be projected, opticalprojecting and rectifying means for the selected picture series, soundreproducing means operable by the soundrecord on said film incident tothe selected 'picture series, and means for adjusting the zone ofoperation of the picture selecting means with respect to the soundreproducing means. i

7. A machine for intermittently projecting a selected picture series andsound incident thereto from a film having a plurality of series ofpictures and a sound record groove formed therein, comprising means forcontinuously and uniformly feeding the picture strip through themachine, picture selecting means reciprocable within a predeterminedzone for selecting the pictures to be projected, optical projecting andrectifying means for the selected pictures, means operated by the firstmentioned means for operating the picture selecting means, and soundreproducing means having a fixed position in said machine and operableby the sound record groove in the film. V

8. A machine for intermittently projecting a selected picture series andsound'incident thereto from a film having a plurality of series ofpictures thereon, and a sound record groove formed therein for saidseries 7 tioned means for producing the reciprocating motion of thepicture selecting means, means for adjusting the last mentioned means tovary the zone of operation of the-picture selecting means, and means forreproducing the sound incident to said icture series operatcd by thesound recor on the film strip having afixed relation with respect to theoperating means for the film strip.

9, A machine for intermittently projecting a selected picture series andsound incident thereto from a film strip having a plurality of series ofpictures thereon and a sound record groove formed in the strip in whichthe sound record has a predetermined relation with respect to thepicture -with which it corresponds, comprising means for continuouslyand uniformly feeding the picture strip thru the machine, pictureselecting means reciprocable within a predetermine zone and in relationwith respect to said film strip during its unlform and contlnuousmovement, optical projecting an'd rectifying means for projecting theselected pictures of 10. A machinefor intermittently projecting a seriesof pictures and sound incident thereto from a film strip having a seriesof pictures thereon and a sound record groove forn'ied therein with thesound record in a predetermined relation to the corresponding picture,comprising rotary operating means for engaging the film strip andcontinuously and uniformly feeding said strip through said machine,picture selecting means reciprocable in a predetermined relation withrespect to the film strip during movement for successively selectingpictures of a series for projection, optical projecting and rectifyingmeans for the selected pictures of the series, sound reproducing meansoperable in the sound record groove within the zone of engagement of therotary operating means for feeding the film, and means for adjusting thezone of operation of the picture selecting means relative to the soundreproducing means for synchronizing the projection of the pictures andsound incident thereto.

11. A machine for intermittently projecting a selected picture seriesand sound incident thereto from a film strip having a plurality ofpicture series, and a sound record groove therein for said pictureseries, comprising rotary means for engagement with the film tocontinuously and uniformly feed the picture strip through the machine,picture selecting means reciprocable in a predetermined relation withrespect to the film strip in the movement thereof for selecting eachpicture to be projected, optical projecting and rectifying means for theselected pictures of the series, motion transmitting means between therotary means first mentioned and the picture selecting means forconverting the rotary motion of the first mentioned means intoreciprocating motion for operating the picture selecting means within apredetermined zone, manually'operated means for adjusting the operationof the last mentioned means and means for reproducing the sound incidentto the projected pictures.

12. A machine forintermittentlyprojecting a selected picture series andsound incident thereto from a film Strip having a pluralit of pictureseries thereon, and an indepen ent sound record groove for said seriesformed therein, comprising means for continuously and uniformly feedingthe picture strip through the machine, a' carrier mounted forreciprocating movement relative to the film during movement, a pictureselector mounted on the carrier and operable for selecting the picturesfrom the film strip for successive projection, light projecting meansmounted on the macltine for projecting light through the film, pictureprojecting and rectifying means for projectingand rectifying the lightfor the selected pictures, sound reproducing means operable in the soundrecord groove in the film strip for reproducing the sound record in thegroove, and manually operable means for transmitting motion'from thefirst mentioned means to the carrier to reciprocate said carrier, saidmanually operable means being adapted to vary the zone of reciprocationof the carrier for synchronizing the pictures and the sound recordincident thereto.

13. A machine for intermittently projecting a selected picture seriesand sound ,in: cident thereto from a film strip having a plurality ofpicture series thereon and a sound record groove formed therein,comprising means for continuously and uniformly feeding the picturestrip through the machine,

picture selecting means for the pictures of the series to be projectedoperable in said machine, optical projecting and rectifying means forthe selected pictures of the series, means operable in the sound recordgroove in predetermined relation with the picture selecting means forreprbducing the sound incident to said pictures recorded in said groove,and means foradjusting the position of said sound reproducing means insaid machine relative to said film strip and sound record groove.

14'. A machine for intermittently projecting a selected picture seriesand sound incident thereto from a film having a plurality of series ofpictures thereon and a sound record groove formed therein, comprisingmeans for continuously'and uniformly feeding the film strip through themachine, picture selecting means reciprocable within a predeterminedzone for selecting pictures to be projected from said film strip,optical proj ecting and rectifying means for the selected pictures ofthe series, means for reproducing the sound incident to said picturesoperable in the sound record groove of said film strip, and means foradjusting the position of the sound reproducing means laterally relativeto the plane of movement of the picture selecting means.

15. A machine for intermittently project'- ing a selected picture seriesand sound incident thereto from a film having a plurality of series ofpictures thereon and a sound record groove formed therein for saidseries of pietures, comprising a film support removably and reversiblymounted on said machine operably supporting said film, means forcontinuously and uniformly feeding the film in said film support havingdisengageable connection with said film support, picture selecting meansin said machine reciprocable in a predetermined relation w ith the filmin said support for selecting the pictures of the series to beprojected, optical projecting and rectifying means in the machine forprojecting the selected picture of the series, and sound reproducingmeans mounted in the machine and operable to automatically engage in thesound record groove of the film strip for reproducing the sound recordin said groove in synchronism with the projection of the,pictures. 16. Amachine for intermittently projecting a selected picture series andsound incident thereto froma film strip havinga pair of picture seriesarranged in alternate and reversely progressing relation and havingindependent sound record grooves for each picture series formed thereincontaining a sound record, incident to and in synchronism with thepicture, comprising a film support reversibly and detachably mounted onsaid machine operably mounting said film, means for removable engagementwith the film mounting and operating means in the support oper able inone direction for continuously and uniformly feeding the film in saidsupport, picture selecting means operable in said machine and relativeto the film strip in a prede termined manner for selecting one series ofpictures to be projected, optical projecting and rectifying means forthe selected picture series, sound reproducing means adapted to operatein said sound grooves in said film automatically when the film supportis attached to said machine for reproducing the sound incident to theselected'picture series in synchronism therewith.

17 A machine for intermittently projecting a selected picture series andsound incident thereto from a film strip having a pair of picture seriesarranged in alternate and reversely progressing relation and havingindependent sound record grooves for each picture series formed thereincontaining a sound record incident to and in synchronism with thepicture, comprising a film /support reversibly and detachably mounted onsaid machine operably mounted in said film, means for removableengagement with the film mounting and operating means in the supportoperable in one direction for continuously and uniformly feeding thefilm in said support, picture selecting means operable in said machineand relative to the filmstrip'in -a predetermined manner for selectingone series of pictures to be projected, optical projecting andrectifying means for the selected picture series, sound reproducingmeans 'erable to secure engagement of the means adapted to operate insound grooves in said for feeding the film in said machine with filmautomatically when the film support is the film supporting means in theoperative 1 attached to said machine for reproducing the mounting of thefilm supporting means on sound incident to the selected picture seriessaid machine.

in synchronism therewith, and means con- In testimony whereof I affix mysignature.

trolled by the film support automatically op- FERDINAND VON MADALER.

